A close photograph of a brick-lined furnace or kiln with glowing orange coals burning at its base. Grey, soot-covered bricks form the walls, with a small clay crucible or vessel sitting among the hot embers and small metal pieces scattered inside. A long iron rod or tongs enters from the left edge, and charcoal dust covers the ground around the opening. No people are visible. - Nithyanandapedia

Nithyanandapedia

A close photograph of a brick-lined furnace or kiln with glowing orange coals burning at its base. Grey, soot-covered bricks form the walls, with a small clay crucible or vessel sitting among the hot embers and small metal pieces scattered inside. A long iron rod or tongs enters from the left edge, and charcoal dust covers the ground around the opening. No people are visible.

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Close overhead photo of a brick-lined furnace glowing orange-red with burning coals, containing a clay crucible or mould being heated. A long iron tongs or rod rests at left and a metal ladle with a long handle sits at right on the dusty ground. No people are visible; this shows a metal casting furnace in use.

Close-up photo of a brick-lined furnace or crucible hearth glowing orange-red at its base, with glowing chunks of material inside. Two long dark iron tongs cross diagonally over the scene, their tips reaching into the fire. The brick walls are grey and dusty with soot and ash. No people are visible in the frame.

An open-air metal casting furnace fires strongly at night. Tall orange flames rise from a small brick and stone-lined hearth set in reddish earth, with a flat sheet-metal lid resting over part of the opening. Grey ash and charcoal lie around the hearth, and iron tongs and rods rest on the ground in the foreground beside a corrugated metal wall. No people are visible.

A photograph of a traditional metal casting furnace on a dirt and concrete floor. A brick-built hearth holds a glowing orange crucible of molten metal, with a long iron tongs or rod resting along the left side and a clay vessel beside the furnace. Scattered ash and sparks cover the ground, with a smaller glowing ember patch at upper left. No people are visible in the frame, only the furnace, tools and the lower part of a white-clad leg at the bottom left edge.

A photograph of an open outdoor furnace on bare red-brown earth, built from grey concrete blocks around a flat metal plate. Bright orange flames and glowing embers burn beneath the plate, with smoke rising. Scattered around are a grey lump of metal or slag, a dark rock, a pair of tongs or a long iron rod, and piles of ash and debris. A corrugated metal wall sits at the top edge. No people are visible; the scene shows a metal casting or smelting setup.

A close view of a brick furnace glowing with bright orange fire. Inside a clay crucible sits a mound of metal fragments and small glowing pieces, heated to red and orange. A long steel tongs or rod rests at the left edge, reaching into the fire. Grey ash and soot cover the stone and brick walls around the opening. No people are visible; the scene shows a metal casting furnace being heated, consistent with a metal casting workshop.

A photograph of an open flame burning in a brick-lined pit on bare reddish earth at night. Bright orange fire flares upward from the center of a rectangular grey metal or clay casting hearth, with scattered sparks. Scattered red bricks, a dark lump of material, a metal tong or bar, and a shovel lie around the pit. No people are visible in the frame.

A close overhead photograph of a metal casting furnace built from rough stone and brick blocks set into a dusty ground. Glowing orange coals fill the opening, and a ring-shaped metal crucible or mould sits among the embers. A long iron tongs or rod reaches in from the left to handle it, with a ladle or tool at the right edge. No people are visible.

A photograph of an open outdoor fire on bare red-brown earth beside a corrugated metal wall. Orange flames rise from a bed of stacked grey bricks and charcoal, heating a large flat metal sheet laid across the fire. Scattered ash, debris and a grey lump of material lie in the foreground, with a tongs-like tool resting at the right edge. No people are visible.

A night photograph of an open brick furnace or forge burning with bright orange flames on a red earthen floor. A grey electric blower motor sits on a concrete base behind it, connected by a dark cable, and iron rods lie on the ground to the right. No people are visible in the scene.

A photograph of an open furnace or forge at ground level, built from loose bricks and a metal plate, with bright orange flames rising and sparks flying. Near the bottom edge sits a rough grey clay or metal mould shape, and a long metal tong or rod lies across the foreground. Dark earth and scattered debris surround the fire pit. No people are visible. The scene appears to be a metal casting workspace.

A photograph of a metal casting furnace on a dirt floor. A glowing orange fire sits inside a rough brick and stone hearth. A man in a white dhoti with a green border, wearing sandals, holds a long iron rod toward the fire, while a long-handled metal ladle or crucible tool lies across the fire pit. Ash and debris cover the ground, and a corrugated metal wall stands behind. Only the lower body and hands of the workers are visible at the edges.