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Outdoor Pongal ritual at Tiruvannamalai Adheenam with a kolam of white rangoli on the ground ringed by yellow and red flower garlands. Four saffron-robed men sit on the floor with hands folded in prayer; one wears a rudraksha mala and a long necklace. Clay pots topped with pineapples and lamps sit beside brown jaggery blocks and bananas, with sugarcane stalks at the right. Women in colourful saris stand at the left edge, and a standing lamp stand with a silver lamp is visible at the right.

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January 14 20182018-01-14A photograph of a Pongal celebration in an open-sided hall with a dirt floor. In the foreground, earthen pots (pongal pots) rest on banana leaves, decorated with marigold garlands and set within a white rangoli kolam outlined with yellow flowers. Two men in saffron-orange robes stand at a fire pit, one kneeling and tending the flame while another in orange with bare upper body and rudraksha beads stands nearby. A man on the left wears a red-brown dhoti, garlands and an ornate headwear, with hands folded in prayer. Behind them, several people in red and orange robes stand near drums. An altar holds fruit, flowers, brass lamps and bananas. Orange and yellow flag banners hang from the rafters.2018-01-14January 14 20182018-01-14Outdoor pavilion with a red floor cloth, leafy bamboo and mango-leaf decorations, and a mud-plastered ground. A man in a maroon-brown dhoti with a saffron-red turban and a marigold garland stands at left, while saffron-robed attendants and a bare-chested man in orange cloth tend the ritual area. Several clay pots with leaf-wrapped rims sit on flower-strewn mud platforms beside a white kolam design and bananas, fruit and offerings on banana leaves. At right, a decorated altar holds flowers, oil lamps and a row of silver-toned items, with saffron-and-white triangular banners hanging on the posts.2018-01-14January 14 20182018-01-14January 14 20182018-01-14Pongal celebration outdoors under an open pavilion at a temple site. A man in a maroon-brown dhoti and a red-and-white turban stands with palms joined in namaskar, wearing a long white flower garland and heavy gold-toned necklaces. Behind him, a line of devotees in saffron-orange robes and rudraksha malas stand with hands folded, and a white-clad man and women in colourful saris also join. Two women in orange saris on the right hold offering plates. On the ground, a kolam of white rangoli patterns is outlined in yellow marigold garlands. Clay pots filled with flowers, a pineapple, bananas, a brass lamp, and trays of rose petals and fruit sit on striped mats. Three stacked clay-brick hearths with sugarcane and flower decoration form the Pongal cooking area. Drummers in orange stand behind, and a striped ceremonial umbrella stands at the top. Roughly 25 to 30 people are visible.2018-01-14Outdoor Pongal-style ritual in a covered courtyard. A large white kolam with floral border sits on the earth, surrounded by yellow and red marigold garlands, clay pots with mango leaves and coconuts, pineapples, bananas and brass plates of offerings. Saffron-robed sannyasis and women in orange and red saris stand and bow with hands folded. A standing man in a red-and-gold turban, gold necklaces and a garland on the left looks on. In the right foreground a saffron-clad man lies prostrate on a striped mat. Brass lamps and a decorated ceremonial umbrella with a kalasha emblem stand at right. Approximately ten people are visible.2018-01-14A photograph of a Pongal celebration in an open-sided pavilion. Saffron-robed sannyasis and women in orange saris stand on a red mat around a clay pot sun offering, with a kolam of white rice flour and flower garlands on the ground. A man in a maroon robe and gold-bead necklace, with a red turban and flower garland, stands at left with hands joined. A bare-chested sannyasi with rudraksha beads stands with palms together, while a woman kneels to arrange brass plates, bananas, sugarcane, and offerings on a striped cloth. Clay pots, a brass lamp stand, and a saffron banner with a bird emblem complete the scene. Visible people number about ten.2018-01-14A photograph of a Pongal-style outdoor ritual at a covered open pavilion. In the foreground a white kolam floor design with flower garlands surrounds clay pots, bananas, and a fire area with stacked wood. Monks in saffron-orange dhotis and shawls stand with hands folded in prayer, and one holds a saffron flag with a gold fringe above a brass lamp stand. On the left a man wears a deep red-maroon garment with a flower garland and gold necklaces, and a child in white stands nearby. Garland-covered offerings, plates of fruit and a brass lamp lie on a striped mat. No distinct a person candidate is clearly identifiable by appearance.2018-01-14A photograph of an outdoor Pongal-season puja under a shade structure at an ashram. Several devotees in saffron-orange clothing sit on striped woven mats, with bare-chested men and women in orange cloth and bead necklaces seated at the front. A large floral mat holds marigold garlands, sugarcane stalks lie in a pile, bananas and pineapples are arranged on mats, and clay pots sit beside a kolam drawn in white on the ground. A tall man with a red turban, a long garland of yellow flowers and gold necklaces stands at left, watched by a line of standing orange-clad devotees with hands pressed in anjali. A saffron-and-yellow ceremonial umbrella stands at right beside a brass lamp.2018-01-14January 14 20182018-01-14